Climate scientists have been speaking about the need of reducing greenhouse gas emissions in order to prevent temperature increases and less livable future. As an architecture student, I know how important of designing energy efficient buildings toward the environmental. We do not design a building based on its appearance, instead the adaption between the building and the climatic are the key point. A report issued in June 2009 by the U.S. Global Change Research Program (USGCRP)—which coordinates climate change research of 13 federal agencies and operated as the U.S. Climate Change Science Program from 2002 through 2008 under the George W. Bush presidency—estimates that global average temperatures have risen approximately 1.5ºF (0.8ºC) since before the Industrial Revolution and could rise another 2ºF–11ºF (1.1ºC–6.1ºC) by the end of this century, based on modeling of a variety of greenhouse gas emissions levels, mitigation efforts, and economic scenarios.
I had studied the climatic design of a traditional malay house last semester and it inspired me how and what do I have to take concern when I'm designing a building.
Building material plays an important role and will affect the sustainability of a building. Lightweight construction of wood or other natural materials have excellent thermal insulator which can cool the the building. Modern houses used concrete, bricks or tiles that can higher thermal capacity, thus it will store heat in the building.
2. Layout
Traditional malay house has a random layout design instead of parallel rigid patterns. Randomly arranged able to increase the wind velocity where the wind can flow through in between the houses which will not reduce the latter path substantially.
3. Ventilation of roof spaces
The provision of ventilation joints and panels in the roof construction allows wind to pass through smoothly. Where the hot air rises to the roof and able to flow out from the house instead of circulating in the house.
Tall vegetation not only able to absorb carbon dioxide and release oxygen, it also provides good shade to the house without blocking the passage of winds at the house level.
The velocity of wind increases with altitude, especially at a higher level. Therefore, big openings at the body level in the house will not restrict the air movement in the house. It will increase the brightness in the house as well to reduce the usage of artificial lightings.
6. Orientation
The longer surface area of the house should be facing east-west direction to minimize direct exposed to solar radiation as tropical countries are hot and humid weather. This able to reduce the usage of air conditioning.
rises due to the melting glaciers:water sources is drought. These changes will vary from region to region and further consequences are on their way. Therefore, climatic design has to be apply in every schematic stage improve the air circulation or lighting and reduce the usage of electric appliances.
References:
https://www.buildinggreen.com/feature/design-adaptation-living-climate-changing-world
http://www.yourhome.gov.au/housing/adapting-climate-change
http://digitalcommons.conncoll.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1008&context=envirohp
https://swazischool.wordpress.com/2012/09/
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